Concepts of biology includes interesting applications, features a rich art program, and conveys the major themes of biology. Cambridge igcse biology coursebook third edition by cambridge. All individuals have varying degrees of sensitivity and have varying ways of outwardly responding and expressing their awareness of these sensitivities. Glossary of laboratory diagnostic terms lab tests blog. Jan 20, 2009 for example, a test with sensitivity 90% and specificity of 99% has a dor greater than 500. By using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. Sensitivity or response to stimuli open textbooks for.
These measures are important because the effectiveness of a test may actually be very counterintuitive. For this reason the lethal dose for each species is expressed in statistical terms, usually for animals as the ld 5030 for that species, or the dose required to kill 50 percent of the individuals in a. The values of sensitivity and specificity are agnostic to the percent of positive cases in the population of interest as opposed to, for example, precision. Concepts of biology is designed for the introductory biology course for nonmajors taught at most two and fouryear colleges. Sensitivity dictionary definition sensitivity defined yourdictionary. Reproduction, process by which organisms replicate themselves. Information and translations of sensitivity and specificity in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.
Unlike sensitivity and specificity, predictive values vary with the prevalence of a condition within a population. Animals have sense organs, such as eyes, that tell them what is going on outside their bodies. Reproduction definition and examples biology online. Sensitivity is the quality of being tender, easily irritated or sympathetic.
As defined, the detection limit is a function of both signal strength or sensitivity and signal stability. Each one of these characteristics will be studied in detail during the course. It is broken down into many fields, reflecting the complexity of life from the atoms and molecules of biochemistry to the interactions of millions of organisms in ecology. Living things include animals, plants, fungi such as mushrooms, and microorganisms such as bacteria and archaea.
Irlen syndrome also referred to at times as mearesirlen syndrome, scotopic sensitivity syndrome, and visual stress is a perceptual processing disorder. You have been running a restaurant for about four years now. From cambridge english corpus sensitivity in the caregiverinfant interaction was assessed by behavior observations within the scope of home visits. Acquired immunity is the immunity that our body gains over time, similar to how an. The scope, sequence, and level of the program are designed to match typical course syllabi in the market. Feb 08, 2012 a pragmatic approach to leptin resistance and therapeutic leptin action thus focuses not on defining clinical leptin resistance in a universal manner, but rather on assessing leptin sensitivity. Excretion is the term used to define the removal of waste products from an. The terms sensitivity and specificity were introduced by the american biostatistician jacob yerushalmy in 1947. It includes biographies of key scientists, and feature articles on important topics, such as bioinformatics, genetically modified organisms, microarray technology, and rna interference. Overview of sensitivity analysis what is sensitivity analysis. Information and translations of sensitivity in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Sensitivity definition of sensitivity by merriamwebster. Sensitivity definition is the quality or state of being sensitive. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values can be used to quantify the performance of a case definition or the results of a diagnostic test or algorithm table 1.
Sensitivity or response to stimuli open textbooks for hong kong. Choose from 1 different sets of sensitivity biology flashcards on quizlet. A receptor is a protein which binds to a specific molecule. A high sensitivity is clearly important where the test is used to identify a serious but treatable disease e. Learn more about the process of reproduction in this article. In mathematics and statistics, averages can be found in three ways. Characteristics and classification of living organisms assets. An example of sensitivity is a person who gets upset very easily.
Sensitivity and flexibility are needed for engaging with individual families, but accurate measurement is needed for systems control. It is true that all living things, without exception, respire. One of the key applications of sensitivity analysis is in the utilization of models by managers and decisionmakers. Understanding the difference between the two is important, particularly to ensure you apply to the. Since there are insufficient data to accurately define normal glucose levels, the term normoglycaemia should be used for glucose levels associ. A term used in mmo meaning the most effective tactic available. Sensitivity in the largest biology dictionary online. It was introduced in 1799 by a physician, thomas beddoes. This definition is equivalent to a 99% confidence level. It requires data, some understanding of analysis, and the specific knowledge that sensitivity analysis isnt a magic. Given the high level of receptivity, this is an ideal time for learning. Terms in this set 24 list the characteristics of living organisms.
Sensitivity and specificity an overview sciencedirect topics. Sensitivity refers to the way organisms respond to their environment. Explanation of sensitive in the largest biology dictionary online. Many of them use the term interchangeably with subjective wellbeing. Disinfectant and antiseptic microbiology biology discussion. Sensitivity and coordination by seila matellan, mario martin, mario prieto and celia martin slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The term western culture has come to define the culture of european countries as well as those that have been heavily influenced by european immigration, such as the united. Our brilliantly simple book will take you through the fundamentals of biology in a way that is easy to follow and avoids difficult science jargon.
The term, sensitive period is a developmental term and refers to a time when a child is particularly receptive to certain kinds of environmental experiences. Although both testrelated sensitivity and specificity must always be considered, these items often trade off with each other. Whether you are a math student, survey taker, statistician or researcher, you are going to need to calculate the average of multiple numbers from time to time. Highly sensitive tests are often used as screening tests.
Sensitivity analysis is the tool that managers can use to get this information. An action by an organism or part of an organism causing a. Sterility testing of pharmaceutical products is carried out during the sterilizationvalidation process as well as for routine release testing as shown in fig. Twenty per cent of the marks for cambridge igcse biology are for practical work.
A subject or a group in an experiment where the factor being tested is not applied, hence, serves as a standard for comparison against another group where the factor is applied in scientific experiments, the use of controls allows to study one var. Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia. Biology is the science that studies life, and living things, and the evolution of life. Biology the response or degree of response, as of a cell, tissue, or organism, to a chemical substance or stimulus, such as a toxin, infectious agent, hormone. These sense organs are connected to the animals nervous system, which carries signals to the brain, triggering a response such as.
Sensitivity and specificity is an obscure novel by jane austen are statistical measures of the sensitivity of a testor how well it works in reality. Pdf sensitivity analysis approaches applied to systems biology. Sensory sensitivity refers to how aware your children are with regard to each of their sensory channels. By staying clear of jargon, the dictionary offers fast and concise information, whether the user is searching for a description of an overthecounter or prescription medication, a medical. In medical terms, sensitivity is the percentage of people who test positive for a disease that have that disease. In any sensitivity analysis, the range of values to use for a parameter is always judgmental but may also be derived from other studies, including metaanalyses.
Biology is brought to you with support from the our mission is to provide a free, worldclass education to anyone, anywhere. Biology simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. That is, the answer obtained under these conditions will be correct 99 times out of 100. Sensitivity analysis definition in the cambridge english. For example, a branch of biology called virology studies viruses, which exhibit some of the characteristics of living entities but lack others.
Degree of awareness and responsiveness to internal and external changes, challenges, or demands. Sensitivity definition and examples biology online dictionary. Most of us probably dont believe we need a formal definition of happiness. In medicine, sensitivity may describe how well a test can detect a specific disease or condition in people who actually have the disease or condition. Receptor definition, types and examples biology dictionary. Respiration is a series of chemical reactions that happens inside cells in which food molecules are oxidised to release energy for the cell good definition. In general, sensitivity analysis is used in a wide range of fields, ranging from biology and geography to economics and engineering. Investigation into how projected performance varies along with changes in the key assumptions on which the projections are based. A bond is a fixed income investment in which an investor loans money to an entity typically corporate or governmental which borrows the funds for a defined period of time at a variable or. Sensitivity and specificity an overview sciencedirect. This is often done by trampling over what appeared to be a closed systems barrier e. Definitions there are quite a lot of definitions in the igcse syllabus that you need. Medical dictionary is intended for use by healthcare consumers, students, and professionals as well as anyone who wants to keep up with the burgeoning array of terminology found in todays medical news. Apart from this, there also exists another type of immunity acquired immunity.
Specificity definition of specificity by medical dictionary. Chaos theory is a branch of mathematics focusing on the study of chaosstates of dynamical systems whose apparentlyrandom states of disorder and irregularities are often governed by deterministic laws that are highly sensitive to initial conditions. The independent variable is the amount of light and the moths reaction is the dependent variable a change in the independent variable amount of light directly causes a change in the dependent variable moth behavior. It is especially useful in the study and analysis of a black box process where the output is an opaque function of several inputs. Definition noun the production of offspring by organized bodies verb. Sensitivity meaning in the cambridge english dictionary. This is a subjective method, simple, qualitative and an easy method to rule out input parameters.
Easy and enjoyable to read, the book introduces topics such as genetics, cells, evolution, basic biochemistry, the broad categories of organisms, plants, animals, and taxonomy. Sensitivity analysis is now widely used in pharmacoeconomic analysis. At the level of molecular biology, for example, life is regarded as a manifestation of chemical and energy transformations that occur among the many chemical constituents that compose an organism. Pdf with the rising application of systems biology, sensitivity analysis methods have been widely. This biology dictionary is here to help you learn about all sorts of biology terms, principles, and life forms. A ligand may be any molecule, from inorganic minerals to organismcreated proteins, hormones, and neurotransmitters. Definition of sensitivity nci dictionary of cancer terms national. Sensitive definition of sensitive by merriamwebster. Since 2001 it has been the resource of choice for professors, students, and professionals needing answers to biology questions. Evaluation of disinfectant by phenol coefficient method is described in detail in practical microbiology by dubey and maheshwari 2007. Biology notes form 1 pdf biology form 1 questions and. Sensitivity analysis an overview sciencedirect topics. Specificity definition of specificity by the free dictionary. Dec 12, 2006 habitat island is a term used in conservation biology to highlight the sensitivity of the ecosystem once its so fragmented, as informed by the study of island biogeography.
What is the definition of the term control in biology. Sensitivity dictionary definition sensitivity defined. Chaos theory is an interdisciplinary theory stating that, within the apparent randomness of chaotic complex systems, there are underlying. A test with 80% sensitivity detects 80% of patients with the disease true positives but 20% with the disease go undetected false negatives. Defining clinical leptin resistance challenges and. Sensitivity and specificity are common clinimetric parameters that together define the ability of a measure to detect the presence or absence of a specific condition i. The term highly sensitivity or sensory processing sensitivity as defined by researcher elaine aron, seems to provide an umbrella definition for an innate trait found in about 20% of the population.
It is one of the fundamental attributes of a living thing. Calculations for testing a financial model using different assumptions and scenarios. Free learning resources for students covering all major areas of biology. You will notice that many terms are defined in the syllabus, so that is a good place to start when making. Now, we all know about innate immunity or natural immunity that we inherit from our parents. Sensitivity definition of sensitivity by the free dictionary. But to understand the causes and effects of happiness, researchers first need to define it. Supplement any of the five senses will respond to a. Learn sensitivity biology with free interactive flashcards. An excellent and entertaining book on the topic, if you are interested, is song of the dodo, by awardwinning author david quammen.
But finding the average is not always straightforward. Its basically what works in a game regardless of what you wish would work. The clear amber liquid that is derived from clotted blood by centrifuging and removing the red blood cells. A scientist is testing the effect of light and dark on the behavior of moths by turning a light on and off. It is a problem with the brains ability to process visual information. M ovement r espiration s ensitivity g rowth r eproduction e xcretion n utrition. Reproduction is one of the most important concepts in biology.
Even with a highly specific diagnostic test, if a disease is uncommon among those people tested, a large. Stimulus definition and examples biology online dictionary. This book by anna claybourne explores the seven life processes of mrs. Highly sensitivity is thus not a psychological disorder or a psychological issue as such that needs fixing but part of you biological. The concept of cultural relativism as we know and use it today was established as an analytic tool by germanamerican anthropologist franz boas in the early 20th century. Biology is often approached on the basis of levels that deal with fundamental units of life. Search the worlds most comprehensive index of fulltext books. Biology books contact here you will find the answers to the intext questions which occur in igcse biology 2nd edition and gcse biology 3rd edition by d.
Learn these seven characteristics of living organisms. All living organisms share several key characteristics or functions. Which individuals are likely to respond to leptin andor can be sensitized to exogenous leptin. Crick 1966 stated that modern biology aimed to explain everything in terms of. Fully revised and updated, the sixth edition of this dictionary provides comprehensive coverage of biology, biophysics, and biochemistry, as well as key terms from medicine and palaeontology. Sensitive definition and examples biology online dictionary. The term sustainable development became fashionable in the 1980s in both the world conservation strategy and the book entitled our common future, known as the brundtland report, 1987. So that doesnt make me think that this is a good way to start the whole study of biology. Cell definition, a small room, as in a convent or prison. Biology online is the worlds most comprehensive database of biology terms and topics.
When discussing advanced education there are two terms you will often hear, graduate degree and undergraduate degree. For example, plants can bend toward a source of light or respond to touch figure 1. However, growth is not only genetic and hormonal in nature. Growth definition and examples biology online dictionary. The offspring is produced as a new individual organism from the parents. Within the same species, individuals vary in sensitivity. Definition of kid written for english language learners from the merriamwebster learners dictionary with audio pronunciations, usage examples, and countnoncount noun labels. This may sound like a silly question with an obvious answer, but it is not easy to define life. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Biology definition, the science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena, especially with reference to origin, growth, reproduction, structure, and behavior.
In this method the individual parameters are analyzed. Serum is a complex mixture of hundreds of different proteins, sugars, fats and salts and is the starting material for most diagnostic tests. Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution who, when, and where, patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations it is a cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidencebased practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare. In the context of early social science, cultural relativism became an important tool for pushing back on the ethnocentrism that often tarnished research at that time, which was mostly conducted by white, wealthy, western. Living things can sense what is going on around them, and are able to respond to it. A highly sensitive test will essentially rule out those who do not have disease. The ability to detect small quantities of a measured component. The term selfmanagement was introduced and defined as a dynamic and continuous process of selfregulation that refers to an individuals ability to manage the. Often the 95% confidence interval from a prior study is used as the range. Animals and plants produce hormones to incite and regulate their growth. Definition of sensitivity and specificity in the dictionary. Pearson, as an active contributor to the biology learning community, is pleased to provide free access to the classic edition of the biology place to all educators and their students.
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